HEALING OF A HERNIATED INTERVERTEBRAL DISC AND THE INFLUENCE OF EXERCISE The extent to which exercise can influence the homeostasis (including both repair and maintenance) of biological tissue has been evaluated through a number of research efforts over the years.38-42 Most of the studies on tissue response to exercise have been performed on animal models. Homeostasis of both bony and soft tissu..
DISCS AND INTERVERTEBRAL BODY ARTICULATIONS The interposing discs provide a measure of shock absorbing protection to the spinal column and appropriate stability for the spine during load bearing activities.3,5 Essentially, the discs are composed of three components, none of which are clearly delineated from the other. The components are the nucleus pulposus (NP), the annulus fibrosus, and the ve..
ABSTRACT Conservative non-surgical management of a herniated lumbar intervertebral disc (HLD) in athletes is a complex task due to the dramatic forces imparted on the spine during sport participation. The demands placed upon the athlete during rehabilitation and return to sport are unique not only from a sport specific perspective, but also regarding return to the sport strength and conditioning..
Anotherobstacleinmuscleregenerationisthemusculotendinous junction. This can be partly restored in absence of implanted cells by extracellular matrix-based platforms that have been shown to withstand half of the force of the contralateral site after complete resection in a mammalian model[80].Thenewlyformedmusclecellshaveshownbetter adherence to 3D polyurethane-based porous scaffolds with lowstif..
similartophysicalexercise,acupunctureimprovesmuscle function restoration and stimulates muscle regeneration especially in patients with muscle atrophy after chronic diseases.However,thereislimitedsuccessfortheregenerationof largevolumemuscledefectsaftertraumaortumorresection. Furthermore, more work needs to be done to determine the optimal timing and intensity of Acu-LFES as a standard treatment..
Current standard of care for VML is typically based on surgicalinterventionwithautologousmusclegraftandphysical therapy. Further clinically used strategies include acupunctureandapplicationofscaffolds. 2.1.SurgicalTechniques. SurgicaltreatmentforVMLincludes mainlyscartissuedebridementand/ormuscletransposition [33]. Autologous muscle transfer is commonly performed in a clinical situation, when th..
1. Introduction Skeletal muscle is one of the most abundant tissues in the human body. It accounts for 40%–45% of the total body massandisnecessaryforgeneratingforcesformovement[1]. Up to a certain threshold, skeletal muscle has the capability of regenerating lost tissue upon injury [2]. Beyond this threshold, the remaining muscle tissue is unable to fully regenerateitsfunction.Thislossofskeleta..
Figure 2. The hierarchical architecture of tendon. Collagen triple-helices self-assemble into fibrils. Bundles of fibrils form fibers, which constitute tendon fascicle. Tendon fibroblasts (tenocytes) reside between collagen fibers. Fascicles are wrapped by endotenon, a layer of connective tissue containing blood vessels, nerves and lymphatics. Multiple fascicles are further surrounded by another..