about Coronary artery
- ์นดํ ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ ์์
- 2021. 3. 3.
Definition
An arterial vessel that comes out of the area where the aorta begins, surrounds the heart, and supplies blood to the heart.
Location
The coronary artery surrounds the heart from the base of the aorta.
Structure
The diameter is about the thickness between the mid- to small arteries, and it is divided into left and right biceps at the base of the aorta and surrounds the entire heart, and it is called the coronary artery because it is similar to the shape of a tube. Coronary arteries are two types of left-hand subclavian arteries, which are split into two branches in the right-hand and left-hand arteries, consisting of a total of three blood vessels.
Function
Usually all arteries are supplied with blood when the heart contracts, but the coronary artery is supplied with blood flowing back from the aorta when the heart finishes contraction and relaxes. In other words, the heart contracts in the left ventricle of the heart, ejects blood toward the aorta, and when the contraction ends, a significant amount of blood goes back to the ventricle, but the aortic valve closes and the blood enters the coronary artery. The reason why coronary arteries are not supplied with blood when the heart contracts is that the coronary arteries on the surface of the contracting heart cannot enter the crouching state, so after the contraction is over, the coronary arteries widen and receive blood. This is a unique part that is different from other arteries.
Of the three arteries consisting of coronary arteries, the left inferior artery is responsible for the blood supply of the ventricular septum, the left ventricular forewall and left ventricular sidewall, and the right coronary artery is responsible for the blood supply of the right ventricular septum.
HEALTH STEPS
When the coronary artery is blocked, it causes a squeezing pain throughout the chest, which is called coronary disease. A disease that causes pain in the chest due to insufficient blood supply to the heart muscle due to blocked coronary flow is called angina, and a disease that prevents blood supply at all due to blocked coronary arteries and rotting part of the heart muscle is called myocardial infarction.
The cause of coronary artery blockage is usually arteriosclerosis, which causes high blood pressure, hyperlipidemia, obesity, smoking, and diabetes, which cause coronary disease. There is also a genetic tendency, so if there is a coronary disease in the family or if the coronary artery is convulsed, it also occurs.
The amount of blood needed increases as the amount of exercise increases or the heart rate increases when the coronary artery is narrowed, and if the heart muscle reacts excessively, the chest becomes stuffy and painful. In the case of angina caused by partially narrowing blood vessels, resting naturally improves symptoms, or in the case of cardiomyopathy, where blood vessels are completely blocked, the symptoms do not recover when stabilized and the heart muscle is damaged proportionately during the blockage. In other words, myocardial infarction results in chest pain, cold sweat, and a general sense of force that lasts more than 30 minutes.
Coronary artery disease reduces the amount of exercise in the heart and uses drug therapy such as beta-blockers, nitroglycerin, and calcium antagonists to treat causative diseases at the same time.
Transcutaneous coronary molding can be performed simply by inflating the narrowed part of the coronary artery with a balloon and securing it with a stent if necessary, but it can be narrowed again within a few months.
Coronary artery bypass surgery can be performed to remove arteries or veins in other parts of the body and connect blood vessels to supply blood to coronary areas that lack blood flow through stenosis. The surgery stops the heartbeat for a while, connects the artificial cardiopulmonary system, and connects the bypass blood vessels to the surroundings of the blocked coronary artery. Blood vessels can use the endothelial artery, the iliac artery, and the abdominal vein, which do not affect the body very much.